What is important is the pixel dimension.

Your computer monitor is 96dpi screen resolution. This is 96 pixels to an inch.

I create images that are 960 x 768. When I export these images at 300dpi the image size changes to 3000 x 2400. This translates into a 10 x 8" image at 300dpi.

It is more than a little confusing, but as I say, the pixel dimensions are what counts.

And, for print work I would not use JPEG. I prefer 24-bit PNG or 24-bit TIFF. Or better still, if your printer can work with it, a PDF/X document.

Your label group seems larger than it should be but the export size I get at 300dpi is 3265 x 2292 pixels.